Greece has a deep history with dogs, dating back to antiquity. While the country is famous for its mythology and philosophy, its canine companions have played just as crucial a role as guardians, hunters, or loyal friends.
In early modern times, dogs had been mainly seen as working companions. Unlike in Western Europe, where dogs became household pets earlier due to urbanisation and industrialisation, Greece’s delayed industrial development meant that dogs were mainly seen as working animals for much longer. The shift towards viewing dogs as indoor pets happened later, particularly in urban centers. It’s an attitude that prevailed amongst many diaspora Greeks too, especially those of the older generation.
Here are some of the most common ancient and modern Greek dog breeds from Greece.
Ancient Greek Dog Breeds
Molossus (Μολοσσός)
The legendary Molossus was a fierce guardian and war dog, originally bred by the Molossian people of Epirus. These massive dogs were praised by Aristotle and Virgil and are considered one of the ancestors of modern mastiff breeds. Used for protecting livestock and property, the Molossus symbolised loyalty.
Laconian Hound (Λακωνικός Κύων)
Hailing from Laconia, this breed was famous for its incredible speed and hunting ability. Often depicted in ancient Greek pottery, the Laconian Hound was prized for its ability to track and chase prey over long distances. Unfortunately, the breed is now extinct. This was also the break of Odysseus legendary dog, Argo.
Modern Greek Dog Breeds
Greek Shepherd (Ελληνικός Ποιμενικός)
Still used by shepherds in the rugged mountains of Greece, this large and independent breed is built for protecting livestock from wolves and other predators. Their thick coats and fearless nature make them ideal for Greece’s harsh terrain.
📖 More about the Greek Shepherd
Greek Harehound (Ελληνικός Ιχνηλάτης)
Greece’s only internationally recognised dog breed, the Greek Harehound is a skilled tracker known for its endurance and keen sense of smell. Traditionally used for hunting hare, it is an energetic and determined breed.
📖 More about the Greek Harehound
Cretan Hound (Κρητικός Λαγωνικός)
One of Europe’s oldest hunting breeds, the Cretan Hound is a rare and ancient sighthound known for its agility and intelligence. Indigenous to Crete, this breed is still used for hunting, combining speed and scent-tracking abilities.
Kokoni (Κοκόνι)
Unlike Greece’s larger working breeds, the Kokoni is a small, affectionate companion dog with ancient roots. It was historically kept around homes and temples, acting as a rodent hunter and a loyal family companion.
Alopekis (Αλωπεκίς)
Another small, fox-like dog, the Alopekis has been around for centuries, performing various tasks, from hunting to guarding. Its intelligence and adaptability make it an excellent modern pet. Sadly, this breed is also currently endangered.
📖 Learn more about the Alopekis
I hope you enjoyed learning about these amazing breeds! Which one is your favourite?
